Английский язык: самоучитель - Шевчук Денис Александрович (читать книги онлайн бесплатно без сокращение бесплатно txt) 📗

2. What is your favourite sweater made of?

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3. What is your watch like?

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4. What shape is the looking glass in the bathroom?

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5. How high is the wardrobe in your bedroom?

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6. What are the majority of the houses in your street made of?

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7. What is your flat like?

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8. How wide is your desk?

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9. How long is the longest river in Russia?

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10. What do you think of your new computer?

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7. Describe the following objects.

Опишите следующие предметы.

How big is it? How high is it? How wide is it? How long is it? What is it like? What colour is it? What is it made of?

What shape is it? What do you think of it?

Language focus 2

Some Linking words

Слова-связки

Слова-связки (например, but, and) широко используются как в русском, так и в английском языках для связи предложений.

Наиболее часто употребляемыми являются следующие:

8. Read the sentences and give their translation.

Прочитайте и переведите данные предложения.

1. Lisa didn’t support her. As a result, she had no time to cater for her family welfare.

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2. As opposed to Jane, Jack made a good suggestion.

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3. In spite of the fact that the desk was 1 metre wide and made of wood we decided to buy it.

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4. He measured the carpet, but then he lost this information.

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5. In order to win the game she had to be very mobile and careful.

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6. My stamina is down. Besides, I won’t be able to live in isolation.

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7. As I worried a lot about his health, I decided to call the ambulance.

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8. My shoes were too tight. That’s why my feet hurt.

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9. What’s the matter? You look awful!

To begin with, I lost my wallet. Besides, I fell down and hurt my leg.

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10. Look out! He wanted to come to an agreement with you. However, he remains silent.

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9. Make up sentences using the following words. Use the Linking words given below.

Составьте предложения, используя данные слова. Также используйте слова-связки, предлагаемые ниже.

As a result, however, as opposed to, besides, in spite of the fact that, as, to begin with, in comparison with,

on the one hand/on the other hand, then, so, in order to

FOCUS ON GRAMMAR

Активная грамматика

Language focus 1

The Present Perfect Tense

Настоящее совершенное время

Настоящее совершенное время тесно связано и с прошедшим, и с настоящим. Оно выражает результат прошедшего действия на настоящий момент времени.

Например,

Я уже закончил институт.

Кто съел мое пирожное?

В отличие от прошедшего времени, оно никогда не употребляется с обстоятельствами времени, указывающими на совершение действия в прошлом (такими как yesterday, two days ago, last year, in 1998). Ведь их использование в предложении свидетельствует о том, что действие никак не связано с настоящим временем.

Например,

Я потерял кошелек два месяца назад. I lost my wallet two months ago.

Кто вчера съел мой торт? Who ate my cake yesterday?

Настоящее совершенное время употребляется со следующими наречиями времени:

Never – никогда

Ever – когда-либо (в вопросительных и отрицательных предложениях)

Already – уже (в утвердительных предложениях)

Yet – еще/уже (в отрицательных и вопросительных предложениях)

Just – только что

Recently – недавно

Lately – за последнее время

This year/month/morning (если год, месяц или утро еще не закончились)

Настоящее совершенное время образуется следующим образом:

Have/has+3-я форма глагола

3-я форма правильных глаголов совпадает со второй (to play-played-played). 3-ю форму неправильных глаголов необходимо запомнить

I have never seen tigers.I’ve never seen tigers.

He has just visited India. He’s just visited India.

Have you ever been to the Zoo?

I haven’t ever cooked pizza./I have never cooked pizza.

I haven’t measured this table yet.

He has recently won the prize. He’s recently won the prize.

I haven’t read anything lately.

This evening I have cooked a delicious dinner. This evening I’ve cooked a delicious dinner.

Обратите внимание на место наречий времени в Present Perfect Tense.

1. Use the correct form of the verb in the Present Perfect Tense.

Поставьте глагол в правильную форму во времени Present Perfect.

1. He has never (to be)......................to the United States.

2. Have you (to see).......................our new catalogue yet?

3. I have just (to receive)........................your postcard.

4. He has just (to break)..........................the new equipment.

5. They have already (to win).......................this important prize.

6. He hasn’t ever (to take)...........................any books from the library.

7. Have you (to call)........................your mother yet?

8. I haven’t (to send)..........................the post yet.

9. They haven’t (to tell).......................me about the accident yet.

10. Who has recently (to take).....................her home?

11. We have already (to discuss)........................all these reasons.

12. Have you ever (to work)...........................on a farm?

13. I haven’t ever (to lose)............................anything important.